Who am I ?

The current situation bound me to think 'who am I ?'. My parents climbed down from Mountain to Terai in the dream of getting something. I got birth here in Terai. No, I am not saying Terai as Madhesh. I don't know am I true or not, but the Madhesh word gives me the smell of India while Terai seems of ours.

Who am I ? A pahadiya, Madhesi, Nepali or an Indian ? Due to my parent's birth, am I a Pahadiya or as I borned here, so Madhesi ? Even though living in Nepal, I am not feeling myself as a Nepali, Is that mean am I an Indian ? I may be an Indian(very hurted to think this), as in each and every point Nepal do talk to Indian leaders to know what to do and what not to do. Nepal will be paralysed if India leaves it's support. This is the biggest unfortune of Nepal and Nepali. I need my identity. Then, who am I ?

In mountain Limbuwan, Khumbuwan are crying and in Terai Madheshi, Tharuwan are agitating , meanwhile in valley(ktm) Newar are violating to separate their lands with self decision control. If that happend then which one will my place ? or will I be a refugee ???

If I were a fefugee, then who would take that responsibility ?

Seven party, Maoist, King or Agitating Groups

If I were, then I would blame Maoist for my condition because to change someone, something is required to be changed and that something mean system while Maoists are deterioating it in the name of making good.

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Chatting of Current Situation in Curfew

Biratnagar is facing regular band(closing) due to agitation of Madhesi community. Recently curfew encountered with the citizens of Biratnagar. In spite of their bound to do work, they were compelled to chat about current condition in chowk as there was no any alternative in curfew.

Some were blaming Maoists to scatter the seed of self decision power concept with caste, ethinicity difference subject while some were cursing King not to handle properly his rulling. Alliances, Madhesi even Human Right Organization became the subject of their.

This I, found intresting to listen their opinion (Tarka, Bitarka) having different view from each other.

One : Girija is playing a good play, He used Mahant Thakur to solve all these problems. Mahant Thakur with his party is the concept of Girija. In tomorrow, Mahant Thakur will handover the key by accumulating and locking all problems in one room.

Two : In the same way Bhutan had done, the people borned in Madhesh will be allowed to live here and the rest (those who were climbed down from mountain) will be chased away. Later the remaining pahadiya will also be chased to capture the whole land by them.

Three : Who gave Madhesi to speak in that way ? It would be right if local ethinic group including Tharu, Satar etc. agitated demanding genuine right. This recent violating group are not locals, these are migrated Indians.

Four : The whole stuff got disturbed due to the unsystematic provision of citizenship. Indians took advantage of it.

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Satellite Communication

Satellites are those equipment that revolve our earth ( like moon ) and act as a repeater section. The transponder section of it receives signal from the earth station, amplifies the signal and then transmit(broadcast) it in to required place. Satellite do exactly in the same way as hub do in the star topology of network. So, if transponder fail, then the all system will go down. The uplink and downlink frequencies of it are separated by 45 MHz to avoid interferance.

It is a microwave communication and hence requires Line Of Sight(LOS) to transmit and receive signal. LOS means the earth station in ground and satellite in sky could see each other. The frequencies that it utilizies falls on the category of GigaHertz(GHz). Among the several freq. band separation of microwave, C, Ku and Ka bands are allocated for commercial satellite communication.

To make satellite able to stay in space revolving round the earth, Rocket having the satellite equipment is required to launch to sky with velocity greater than escape velocity. Escape velocity means the velocity required against the earth's gravitation.

The 1st satellite ,sputnik1, was launched by Soviet Union in october 4, 1957 which again lauched the first living creature(sputnik2), a dog named Laika in to space on November 3, 1957. Explorer 1 was the first satellite of United States, launched in January 31, 1958. The early communication satellites were in relatively low altitude orbits(below 36000 km) and consequently sped around the earth in a few hours. This required the ground antennas to move constantly in order to beam signals to them.

The orbit in range of 36000 km above the earth surface is called geostationary orbit as the satellite in that orbit do round the earth in the same time that the earth takes to round in it's own axis, means 24 hours. So though both earth and satellite revolve, the satellite appears to be stationary from a particular earch surface. This provides easyness in work eliminating the need of ground antennas to move constantly regarding satellite movement.

The satellites in 36000 km are called geostationary or geosynchrounous satellite while satellites below 36000 km are called low earth satellite satellites. In theoritical concept, 3 satellites in geostationary orbit can cover the whole earth while 64 are required in low earth orbit.

In 1965, Early Bird satellite was launched in to a much higher equatorial orbit of 36000 km.

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Get Ahead, Sell Yourself!

Conventional wisdom dictates that if you work hard and show competence on the job, career success will inevitably come your way. But experts say you may have a long wait coming. Keeping your nose to the grindstone may not get you anything except, well, a raw snout. Nowadays, the best strategy for getting ahead is not to wait to be noticed but to deliberately call attention to yourself.

Achieving high visibility is not easy; there's a very fine line separating effective self-promotion and boastfulness. If you come on too strong and give the impression of bragging, it could backfire. Tooting your own horn without sounding offensive is an art, so learn how to hit the right notes:

ASSERT AND PROMOTE YOURSELF: While you wish the higher-ups would reward their employees solely on merit, the real world doesn't always work that way. Remember, “the squeaky wheel gets the oil”. Individuals who are rewarded often boldly asks for it. If you don't want to be caught in a freeze frame as everyone zooms by, practice to be assertive and self-advertise. Whenever possible, subtly make it known to your superiors about your progress, successful project or a great presentation. You may find this uncomfortable initially but remember, no one will know about your accomplishments if you don't broadcast your accomplishments and take credit. Worse, somebody else may even take your credit away.

TAKE A BOW: And while you're at it, learn to accept the kudos that come your way. Don't brush them aside with self-deprecating expressions like “Oh it was nothing” or “I'm sure others could have done it just as well.” Your boss just might agree with you if you say them often enough!

JOIN FORCES WITH ALLIES: Of course, you can always rise to the top of the corporate ladder on your own. But wouldn't your climb be swifter and easier with a helping hand or a gentle push? Seek a buddy or a mentor to look after you and support you, someone who will say “That's a great idea!” when you present your proposal in the next brainstorming meeting. Of course, be sure to reciprocate in kind.

BUILD SELF-CONFIDENCE: It's difficult to put all your plans in motion if you suffer from poor self-esteem. To bolster your self-image, you'll have to catch negative thoughts that play in your mind and replace them with positive statements. If your inner voice insists your opinions are worthless, your work unimportant or that nobody listens to you, muzzle it until it learns to stop saying “bad words”. Teach it to say, “I have something good to offer”, “My thoughts count”, and “I'm important”.

BE PREPARED: If you're going to a meeting or an event, prepare a 30-second “elevator speech” - an introduction of yourself and the service or business you represent – to use when meeting new people. Bring business cards and write notes at the back of cards for follow-up. Offer a firm handshake. Catch the other person's eye, smile and listen. To strike up a conversation, comment on books and newspaper reports you've read. Show interest in others by asking them about themselves. You can never tell what opportunities might arise from these gatherings.

GET INTO THE VOLUNTEER HABIT: Gain visibility by volunteering to spearhead company events and committees, especially those that will require you to work with other departments and learn new functions. A word of caution, don't overdo it. Don't take on projects or enlist in activities for the sake of promoting yourself. Get involved if you are truly fired up by the idea and welcome the challenge. Otherwise, the gambit may do more harm than good.

NETWORK: Networking is one of the most powerful self-advancement tools around. If you're really serious about reviving your asphyxiated career, try to get over your shyness and start exercising your people skills and mingling with the crowd. Networking isn't only about attending professional gatherings and swapping cards and engaging in small talk with new acquaintances. It's also about taking the time to eat lunch with your coworkers and stopping briefly to say “hi” as you pass a colleague down the corridor. Someone, somewhere, may suddenly recall you as that friendly officemate with the ready smile and refer you to a business associate or a recruiter she knows.

ALWAYS LOOK YOUR BEST: There are ways to promote yourself without uttering a word. Ever noticed how some people stand out simply by the way they dress, stand, talk and act? These people just naturally seem to inspire respect and deference because they exude professionalism and confidence. If there's an aspect of you that needs improving – whether it's your fashion sense or posture – do something about it now. Strive to appear well groomed – looking like a winner will make you a winner.

MASTER YOUR FIELD: While doing a good job is no longer enough, it doesn't mean you can move forward solely on the strength of self-promotion. High visibility can only do you so much – in the end, it is still a question of how effective or productive you are at work that decides whether you deserve a promotion or not.

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Like it or not. You're in SALES!

Mention the word sales or salesman and two out of three people get a little clammy under the skin. "I hate sales people and I could never do what they do!" is what many say at the mere thought of having to sell something. How wrong they are.

Here is a cold hard fact: From the time you are born to the time you die, you - regardless of your profession or what you do - are in sales.

Appreciate that when a baby cries for the first time for its mother's milk, he/she is attempting to close the new mom on the importance and benefits of doing what the child wants. In short, the baby is making its very first sale. The sale will be made. There will be plenty more.

A child, who makes its bed to get a cookie, is selling 'services' for 'profit'. In this case, the profit is a cookie. To explain to a teacher, "The dog ate my homework", is to engage in the daunting task of persuasion. Is it selling? You bet it is.

To invite someone to the prom, to ask someone to marry you - to stay married to you - is to sell the features you possess, in tandem with the expectation, those you hope to attract [sell] see the obvious benefits for them. Also at times, a daunting task [sale].

To get up the nerve to ask the boss for a raise or a promotion is quite like making that dreaded Cold Call even well-trained salespeople find challenging. Convincing the boss as to why you deserve a raise or promotion is the fundamental act of trying to make a sale. By promoting you or paying you more, he/she [the boss] benefits - or at least that's your pitch. What a salesman you are!

In business, [as I alluded earlier] it really doesn't matter who you are or what you do. The fact remains, without any sales, the business ceases to exist. Lawyers, Doctors and Dentists have many competitors but nevertheless still have to put on their sales hats to convince potential customers that they are the right solution for their needs. If they can't make the sales, they go out of business.

Manufacturing, distribution or service-oriented companies have dedicated frontline selling professionals whose job it is to engage potential customers, face-to-face, and make the sale. People understand that. What many don't understand is that everyone in the company - everyone - from the CEO down to the mail clerk, is in Sales.

You may push a broom, but your real job is to keep the place clean so that the act of making business for the purposes of making 'Sales' can be achieved. Whether you are in accounting, administration, IT or marketing, everything you do - EVERYTHING - is expressly focused on the success of the company which, of course, can only be achieved by making sales.

The Bottom Line:Sales or the act of selling is at the very fabric of human interaction from the time we are born, throughout our working lives and into our retirement years. Some people are quite naturally better at it or more aware of it than others, but no one is exempt from it and/or does not engage in it their entire life. Happy selling!

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Job vs Career

Do you know the difference between a "job" and a "career"?

According to the dictionary, a "job" is defined as "a paid position of employment and something one has to do, a responsibility." Interestingly enough, the root word for "job" is, humorously, an Old English word that means "a lump." The reference is to a quantity, a "lump" of work, so to speak. As it applies to our topic, it is one distinct and unrelated period of employment in a series of jobs one may have.

A "career," on the other hand, comes from Middle French and stems from an earlier word for "car" -- and then "street." So, a career is a path. THe dictionary defines it as "an occupation, a way of making a living, especially with opportunities for advancement or promotion, and progress through life." It is a journey - a career pathway.

These definitions are nice and dandy - but what do they mean to you?
Basically, you could think of them as a jigsaw puzzle of say, a circle. The job is a piece in the jigsaw puzzle. The career is the circle image. You could decide to keep all the pieces separate or fit them any way you want, and they would remain incoherent. There would be no image built and it would just be a scattering of random jigsaw pieces that do not mean anything.

Similarly, a job is an individual employment period in your life. Jobs are often just a means to an end. You need a job to help pay for your tuition fees, so you find something part-time at a local restaurant. You might take on a temporary job to pay your rent every month and earn some money for bills. There is no real long-term attachment to a job. You could start a job today and quit to start another one next year. As long as it pays what you want, it's just something you have to do to get by.

But, a series of jobs can lead to a long-term career if you make considered choices in employment. A career is something you build throughout your lifetime. Career planning is when you look ahead and strategise about where you want to go and how you can get there. Whilst a job is often uninspiring and mundane, a career is often something that excites you and uses your talents in a way that fits with your personal aspirations.

Your view of work and its link to life will define how the path you choose between a job and a career. So which should you choose? A series of unrelated jobs that fulfil your financial needs and is separate from your personal life, or a cohesive linkage of career moves that become building blocks towards a career doing something you like and that fits with your lifestyle. Neither is more valid than the other. Your choice really depends upon your objectives in life and what your view of work is for yourself.

For example, a close friend of mine works for six months a year only to earn enough to travel for another six months. To him, the job is a means to an end - a way to earn enough to do what he really loves - travel. So, doing a rather mundane job is bearable because he focuses on his end goal - six months of freedom to travel the world.

On the other hand, others see work as part of their life. Says Tom Parry: "The notion of just muddling through, day after day, without feeling genuine excitement or passion about my work, feels intolerable. Despite the stability, security, and comfort it provides me, ultimately, I can't imagine staying for the sake of money. I see my career as a big part of my identity and life. I want to make sure what I do jives with who I am for the present and future term."

To answer the "Job vs. career" question, consider what your philosophy is on work. Should you decide that you are looking for a longer term career journey, start planning now by asking yourself questions about where you want to be and look for individual jobs that build upon each other towards a resume that will get you the experience required to achieve your career goals.

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Mobile technology in terms of Generation

After the invention of cellular concept in 1960 in mobile technology, the craze over so drastically up that even the latest technologies are becoming the oldest one. The invention of transistor in 1947 converted the bulky instruments, using vacuum tubes, to small one. The accumulation of discrete components in one chip, Integrated Chip(IC), made electronic goods to be benefited. VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration), SLSI(Super Large Scale Integration) etc. are causing goods to reduce their size, shape and cost too.

The recent development in mobile are categorized broadly in terms of generation(G). The mobile in the decade of 60 were used to be 1G, totally analog based. The cellular constumer were used to be registered manually when moving from one cell to another.

2G came in 1990 with knowledge about digital concept. In actual mean mobile captured it's pace through this generation. Since 2nd Generation, hand off not only became easy and fast but also sophisticated too. Till the journey of 2G, Network Controlled HO(NCHO) has been turned in Mobile Assisted HO(MAHO). SMS (Short Message Service) is the most favourable service provided by it where two user (subscriber) can communicate through text. To reduce the burden of MSC, BSC blocks have been placed in between BS and MSC.

2.5G came in to existence with internet approach but it's speed fasten with the emergence of 3G. Broadband Integrated Service Digital Network (B-ISDN) in 3G made it capable of accessing voice, data, video simultaneously and HSPA(High Speed Packet Access) transferring data in fastest manner. Together with advanced modulation technique mobile technology is making itself more sophisticated than mentioned in words and languages.

The latest upgrades in mobile technology, 3.5G,4G, in highly developed countries are showing the truth that yet there is some more things to be innovated in mobile field.

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